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Indian giver
Indian giver is an American expression to describe a person who gives a gift and later wants it back, or something equivalent in return. It is based on the experiences of early European settlers and pioneers like Lewis and Clark when trading with Native Americans. It was custom among some groups of Native Americans that when a gift was given, something of equal value was given by the receiver of the gift.〔 The custom of Native American gift giving was misinterpreted by early European settlers as shady business dealings.
==Etymology==
As observed and documented by Lewis and Clark in their journal, trading with Native Americans had a very unusual aspect - any trade, once consummated, was considered a fair trade. If on one day, they traded beads for a dog from a tribe, then days later, the trade could be reversed - upon surrendering the beads, the tribe expected the dog back. The original idea of "giving" in this fashion connotes trade ("I'll give you this, and you give me that"), and not presents or "gifts."
The phrase originated, according to researcher David Wilton, in a cultural misunderstanding that arose when Europeans first encountered Native Americans on arriving in North America in the 15th century. Europeans thought they were receiving gifts from Native Americans, while the Native Americans believed they were engaged in bartering; this resulted in the Native Americans finding European behaviour ungenerous and insulting. The phrase was first used in print in 1765.〔("An Indian gift is a proverbial expression, signifying a present for which an equivalent return is expected." (Thomas Hutchinson, ''History of Massachusetts, from the first settlement thereof in 1628, until the year 1750'', in two volumes, 1795). )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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